![]() ![]() There are a number of different Bluetooth codecs that you will see on the spec sheets of consumer audio devices that support Bluetooth. Bear that in mind when you see the codec capabilities below. So for a Bluetooth codec to, for example, handle a CD-quality file losslessly (without losing any information), it needs to be capable of a bitrate of 1411kbps. But the higher the bit depth, the bigger the file size. For reference, CD quality is 16-bit and hi-res quality is typically 24-bit. What bits largely buy you is dynamic range – the difference between the quietest and loudest sounds on the recording. Generally, the higher the sampling rate, the more accurate the digital recording (music file). Hi-res audio files commonly have a sampling rate of 96kHz, meaning 96,000 samples were taken every second. CD-quality files have a sampling rate of 44.1kHz, meaning 44,100 samples were taken every second during that process. Sample rate refers to the number of times samples of the audio signal are taken per second during the analogue-to-digital conversion process. Now, bitrate is calculated using a digital music file's sample rate and bit depth, plus the number of channels (two for stereo). Think of a codec like a tube, and the music file as something that needs to pass through it – the bigger the tube (bandwidth), the more music information can fit and more easily flow through it. The higher a codec's bitrate, the more 'bandwidth' it has, meaning the more efficiently it can carry higher-quality audio without losing information. It's the simplest way to compare the capability of each Bluetooth codec for transmitting music. Bitrate is the rate at which data is transferred by a codec, measured in kilobits per second (kbps) – or megabits per second (mbps) in the case of the most capable codecs. New Bluetooth standards may allow new codecs to emerge. Bluetooth standards introduce new features (like Multipoint) and capabilities (like greater range). It's important to remember that even a small amount of compression is detrimental to sound quality, so pretty much every codec is lossy.īluetooth codecs are different from Bluetooth standards, such as Bluetooth 5.3. Indeed, not all codecs are created equal. When a music file is compressed and passed wirelessly between Bluetooth devices via a Bluetooth codec, some of the song's detail is almost always lost forever in the process – to varying degrees depending on the codec's capability, which we'll get to momentarily. Compression can also be used to reduce audio-coding delays and minimise latency issues. A Bluetooth codec is a software format that compresses and then encodes music so that it can be efficiently transmitted wirelessly between devices before being decoded by hardware that supports that same codec.Ĭompression reduces the file size lossily (meaning it loses information as it does so), as the less information that is transmitted, the smaller the file size can be. It was originally just a placeholder until the creators could think of a better name, but that never happened. ![]() As the story goes, during an early meeting between Intel, Ericsson and Nokia about Bluetooth's inception, Jim Kardach from Intel suggested Bluetooth, saying “King Harald Bluetooth…was famous for uniting Scandinavia just as we intended to unite the PC and cellular industries with a short-range wireless link.” It's actually named after the 10th-century Danish king Harald Bluetooth, who carried the nickname on account of his off-coloured grey/blue tooth. If you have ever wondered what Bluetooth is named after, the answer isn't something you would correctly guess and scribble down in a pub quiz. These two communicate with each other over Bluetooth using ultra-high frequency (UHF) radio waves – electromagnetic waves with frequencies of around 2.4GHz (2.4 billion waves per second). ![]() Essentially, a Bluetooth connection exists between a 'main unit' (a music source, say) and a 'peripheral' (a speaker or pair of headphones, for example). ![]()
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